| Venomous and Poisonous Marine Animals of Iran: A Review on Prevention and Management |
| کد مقاله : 1032-ICNH |
| نویسندگان: |
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کیومرث بهمنی *1، مهران جاریانی2، حسین صالحی3 1گروه داروشناسی و سم شناسی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی 2اداره بهداشت و درمان نزاجا 3دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آجا |
| چکیده مقاله: |
| Background and Objective: one of the existing threats to the health of personnel and military forces who operate in the vicinity of intertidal ecosystems and near coastal waters is the presence of poisonous animals in these areas. Meanwhile, one of the important parts of the Iranian army is the strategic navy, which is continuously operating on the coast and sea, and the inter-tidal zone and shallow coastal waters (less than one meter deep) around Iran are a habitat for poisonous and venomous marine animals such as ray fish and cone shells. In this study, the poisonous animals in the regional waters of Iran and the ways to prevent and treat poisoning with their poisons were reviewed. Search Method: search for the keywords was done in Pubmed database and the obtained articles were divided into categories of toxicology, clinical symptoms and treatment. Findings: venomous animals inject their toxins into the body through a specific apparatus. The medically important venomous sea animals in Iran include sea snakes, stingrays, Cnidarians phylum Jellyfishes especially in the Persian Gulf, scorpionfishes, sea urchin, and eagle ray species. On the other hand, poisonous animals like conus species from the conidae family, and pufferfish have dangerous toxins which can introduce to the human body by ingestion or another route and causes severe poisoning. Conclusion: symptoms can be various based on a specific poisoning, however usually have gastrointestinal or neurologic, or mixed symptoms. Management is mostly symptomatic. Pain control, as well as localization, removal of embedded foreign material or spines, and wound irrigation, are important aspects of initial treatment for all marine envenomations. Patients with severe physical effects (eg, shock, signs of myocardial infarction) after envenomation should receive rapid support of airway, breathing, and circulation. Deep stingray wounds may require management for severe penetrating trauma, including exploration in the operating room. |
| کلیدواژه ها: |
| Keywords: Venomous animals, Envenomation, Toxins |
| وضعیت : چکیده برای ارائه به صورت پوستر پذیرفته شده است |